Active Litigation Tracker

Court challenges to Virginia SB 749 and other 2026 gun laws. A successful injunction could delay or block the July 1 deadline. Updated as cases develop.

Last reviewed: May 6, 2026
🚨 INJUNCTION ISSUED

A court has issued a preliminary injunction. Details below. Continue documenting pre-ban ownership — an injunction can be appealed or dissolved.

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Do not count on an injunction. Document your pre-ban ownership as if July 1 is a hard deadline. If an injunction is granted, you lose nothing. If it isn't and you're unprepared, you've lost your window permanently. See the documentation checklist →
Virginia Citizens Defense League v. Commonwealth of Virginia
U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Virginia · SB 749 / HB 217 Challenge
Active — Filed
🏛️ VCDL ⚖️ NRA-ILA

VCDL, with NRA-ILA support, has filed a federal Second Amendment challenge to SB 749's assault firearms ban and magazine restrictions. The case argues that semi-automatic firearms with common features are constitutionally protected arms under Bruen and Heller, and that Virginia's definition is unconstitutionally overbroad.

Case timeline
May 2026
Complaint filed in E.D. Va. Motion for preliminary injunction filed simultaneously.
TBD
Hearing on preliminary injunction motion. Court could issue TRO (temporary restraining order) within days of filing if motion is well-supported.
July 1, 2026
Law takes effect unless injunction issued before this date.
VCDL.org → NRA-ILA →
Firearms Policy Coalition — Virginia SB 749 Challenge
Federal court challenge — Virginia · SB 749 Bruen challenge
Preparing / Filed
⚖️ FPC

The Firearms Policy Coalition has indicated it is pursuing legal action against Virginia SB 749. FPC has been aggressive in post-Bruen litigation and has achieved preliminary injunctions in other states against similar AWB laws (Maryland, Illinois). Their Virginia case may be combined with or parallel to the VCDL filing.

Case timeline
May 2026
FPC publicly announced intent to challenge. Filing expected imminently.
TBD
Case filing and preliminary injunction motion.
firearmspolicy.org →
Gun Owners of America — Virginia Legislative Watch
Federal and state court strategy · Virginia 2026 laws
Monitoring / Preparing
🦅 GOA 🦅 GOF

Gun Owners of America and the Gun Owners Foundation are monitoring the Virginia situation and may file independent challenges or join existing cases. GOA has been active in Virginia state legislature advocacy and has litigated Second Amendment cases in multiple jurisdictions post-Bruen.

gunowners.org →

⚖️ Legal Background — Why These Cases Might Win

The legal landscape for AWB challenges has shifted dramatically since the Supreme Court's 2022 decision in New York State Rifle & Pistol Association v. Bruen, which established a new "text, history, and tradition" test for evaluating Second Amendment challenges.

Under Bruen, the government bears the burden of demonstrating that a challenged regulation is consistent with the nation's historical tradition of firearm regulation. Courts have reached different conclusions on AWBs — some granting injunctions (Maryland, Illinois), others upholding them.

Key argument: AR-15-pattern rifles are "in common use" (estimated 24+ million in civilian hands). Heller explicitly protects arms "in common use for lawful purposes." The challengers will argue Virginia's definition sweeps up commonly-owned firearms protected by the Constitution.

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Relevant precedents: NYSRPA v. Bruen (2022), D.C. v. Heller (2008), Bevis v. City of Naperville (7th Cir. 2023), Bianchi v. Brown (4th Cir. 2025 — Maryland AWB). The 4th Circuit's approach in the Maryland case directly affects Virginia.
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